Windows Phones have had a hard time cracking the smartphone industry and competing against the likes of Android and iOS devices. However, a small fraction of users prefer Windows Phone and to help them out, here is a guide on how to setup VPN on Windows Phone 8.1 and 10.
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With the full integration of VPN in Windows Phone 8.1 and 10, the assimilation of VPN in hand held devices is now complete. Android and Apple devices already had VPN support and now Windows Phone has joined the same ranks.
How to Setup VPN on Windows Phone
Windows Phone comes with extensive VPN support. In fact, the official TechNet Microsoft page on states that:
The VPN functionality in Windows Phone is supported by many major VPN vendors… you can configure Windows Phone devices using your preferred mobile device management solution so that VPN tunnels are automatically initiated by a specific app or location, enabling users to automatically reconnect when needed
Using certificates to establish VPNs isn't the easiest to set up, but it will significantly improve the security of your VPN tunnels. Tip I recently picked up a Palm Treo 700 and really like it. Because I’m on the road and on the phone a lot, I use a Bluetooth headset.
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This article helps you securely connect individual clients running Windows, Linux, or Mac OS X to an Azure VNet. Point-to-Site VPN connections are useful when you want to connect to your VNet from a remote location, such when you are telecommuting from home or a conference. You can also use P2S instead of a Site-to-Site VPN when you have only a few clients that need to connect to a VNet. Point-to-Site connections do not require a VPN device or a public-facing IP address. P2S creates the VPN connection over either SSTP (Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol), or IKEv2. For more information about Point-to-Site VPN, see About Point-to-Site VPN.
Architecture
Point-to-Site native Azure certificate authentication connections use the following items, which you configure in this exercise:
Before you begin
Note
This article has been updated to use the new Azure PowerShell Azmodule. You can still use the AzureRM module, which will continue to receive bug fixes until at least December 2020.To learn more about the new Az module and AzureRM compatibility, seeIntroducing the new Azure PowerShell Az module. ForAz module installation instructions, see Install Azure PowerShell.
Verify that you have an Azure subscription. If you don't already have an Azure subscription, you can activate your MSDN subscriber benefits or sign up for a free account.
This article uses PowerShell cmdlets. To run the cmdlets, you can use Azure Cloud Shell, an interactive shell environment hosted in Azure and usedthrough the browser. Azure Cloud Shell comes with the Azure PowerShell cmdlets pre-installed.
To run any code contained in this article on Azure Cloud Shell, open a Cloud Shell session, use the Copy button on a code block to copy the code,and paste it into the Cloud Shell session with Ctrl+Shift+V on Windows and Linux, or Cmd+Shift+V on macOS. Pasted text is not automaticallyexecuted, so press Enter to run code.
You can launch Azure Cloud Shell with:
Running PowerShell locally
You can also install and run the Azure PowerShell cmdlets locally on your computer. PowerShell cmdlets are updated frequently. If you are not running the latest version, the values specified in the instructions may fail. To find the versions of Azure PowerShell installed on your computer, use the
Get-Module -ListAvailable Az cmdlet. To install or update, see Install the Azure PowerShell module.
Most of the steps in this article can use Cloud Shell. However, to upload the root certificate public key, you must either use PowerShell locally, or the Azure portal.
Example values
You can use the example values to create a test environment, or refer to these values to better understand the examples in this article. The variables are set in section 1 of the article. You can either use the steps as a walk-through and use the values without changing them, or change them to reflect your environment.
1. Sign in and set variables
In this section, you sign in and declare the values used for this configuration. The declared values are used in the sample scripts. Change the values to reflect your own environment. Or, you can use the declared values and go through the steps as an exercise.
Sign in
Open your PowerShell console with elevated privileges.
If you are running Azure PowerShell locally, connect to your Azure account. The Connect-AzAccount cmdlet prompts you for credentials. After authenticating, it downloads your account settings so that they are available to Azure PowerShell. If you are not running PowerShell locally and are instead using the Azure Cloud Shell 'Try it' in the browser, skip this first step. You will connect to your Azure account automatically.
If you have more than one subscription, get a list of your Azure subscriptions.
Specify the subscription that you want to use.
Declare variables
Declare the variables that you want to use. Use the following sample, substituting the values for your own when necessary. If you close your PowerShell/Cloud Shell session at any point during the exercise, just copy and paste the values again to re-declare the variables.
2. Configure a VNet
3. Create the VPN gateway
Configure and create the virtual network gateway for your VNet.
4. Add the VPN client address pool
After the VPN gateway finishes creating, you can add the VPN client address pool. The VPN client address pool is the range from which the VPN clients receive an IP address when connecting. Use a private IP address range that does not overlap with the on-premises location that you connect from, or with the VNet that you want to connect to. In this example, the VPN client address pool is declared as a variable in Step 1.
5. Generate certificates
Certificates are used by Azure to authenticate VPN clients for Point-to-Site VPNs. You upload the public key information of the root certificate to Azure. The public key is then considered 'trusted'. Client certificates must be generated from the trusted root certificate, and then installed on each client computer in the Certificates-Current User/Personal certificate store. The certificate is used to authenticate the client when it initiates a connection to the VNet.
If you use self-signed certificates, they must be created using specific parameters. You can create a self-signed certificate using the instructions for PowerShell and Windows 10, or, if you don't have Windows 10, you can use MakeCert. It's important that you follow the steps in the instructions when generating self-signed root certificates and client certificates. Otherwise, the certificates you generate will not be compatible with P2S connections and you receive a connection error.
1. Obtain the .cer file for the root certificate
Use either a root certificate that was generated with an enterprise solution (recommended), or generate a self-signed certificate. After you create the root certificate, export the public certificate data (not the private key) as a Base64 encoded X.509 .cer file. Then, upload the public certificate data to the Azure server.
2. Generate a client certificate
Each client computer that you connect to a VNet with a Point-to-Site connection must have a client certificate installed. You generate it from the root certificate and install it on each client computer. If you don't install a valid client certificate, authentication will fail when the client tries to connect to the VNet.
You can either generate a unique certificate for each client, or you can use the same certificate for multiple clients. The advantage to generating unique client certificates is the ability to revoke a single certificate. Otherwise, if multiple clients use the same client certificate to authenticate and you revoke it, you'll need to generate and install new certificates for every client that uses that certificate.
You can generate client certificates by using the following methods:
To export the certificate
For steps to export a certificate, see Generate and export certificates for Point-to-Site using PowerShell.
6. Upload the root certificate public key information
Verify that your VPN gateway has finished creating. Once it has completed, you can upload the .cer file (which contains the public key information) for a trusted root certificate to Azure. Once a.cer file is uploaded, Azure can use it to authenticate clients that have installed a client certificate generated from the trusted root certificate. You can upload additional trusted root certificate files - up to a total of 20 - later, if needed.
You can't upload this information using Azure Cloud Shell. You can either use PowerShell locally on your computer, the Azure portal steps.
7. Install an exported client certificate
If you want to create a P2S connection from a client computer other than the one you used to generate the client certificates, you need to install a client certificate. When installing a client certificate, you need the password that was created when the client certificate was exported.
Make sure the client certificate was exported as a .pfx along with the entire certificate chain (which is the default). Otherwise, the root certificate information isn't present on the client computer and the client won't be able to authenticate properly.
For install steps, see Install a client certificate.
8. Configure the native VPN client
The VPN client configuration files contain settings to configure devices to connect to a VNet over a P2S connection. For instructions to generate and install VPN client configuration files, see Create and install VPN client configuration files for native Azure certificate authentication P2S configurations.
9. Connect to AzureTo connect from a Windows VPN client
Note
You must have Administrator rights on the Windows client computer from which you are connecting.
Troubleshooting Windows client P2S connections
If you have trouble connecting, check the following items:
To connect from a Mac VPN client
From the Network dialog box, locate the client profile that you want to use, then click Connect.Check Install - Mac (OS X) for detailed instructions. If you are having trouble connecting, verify that the virtual network gateway is not using a Basic SKU. Basic SKU is not supported for Mac clients.
To verify your connection
These instructions apply to Windows clients.
To connect to a virtual machine
These instructions apply to Windows clients.
You can connect to a VM that is deployed to your VNet by creating a Remote Desktop Connection to your VM. The best way to initially verify that you can connect to your VM is to connect by using its private IP address, rather than computer name. That way, you are testing to see if you can connect, not whether name resolution is configured properly.
To troubleshoot an RDP connection to a VM
If you are having trouble connecting to a virtual machine over your VPN connection, check the following:
To add or remove a root certificate
You can add and remove trusted root certificates from Azure. When you remove a root certificate, clients that have a certificate generated from the root certificate can't authenticate and won't be able to connect. If you want a client to authenticate and connect, you need to install a new client certificate generated from a root certificate that is trusted (uploaded) to Azure.
To add a trusted root certificate
You can add up to 20 root certificate .cer files to Azure. The following steps help you add a root certificate:
Method 1
This method is the most efficient way to upload a root certificate. It requires Azure PowerShell cmdlets installed locally on your computer (not Azure Cloud Shell).
Method 2 - Azure portal
This method has more steps than Method 1, but has the same result. It is included in case you need to view the certificate data. It requires Azure PowerShell cmdlets installed locally on your computer (not Azure Cloud Shell).
To remove a root certificate
To revoke a client certificate
You can revoke client certificates. The certificate revocation list allows you to selectively deny Point-to-Site connectivity based on individual client certificates. This is different than removing a trusted root certificate. If you remove a trusted root certificate .cer from Azure, it revokes the access for all client certificates generated/signed by the revoked root certificate. Revoking a client certificate, rather than the root certificate, allows the other certificates that were generated from the root certificate to continue to be used for authentication.
The common practice is to use the root certificate to manage access at team or organization levels, while using revoked client certificates for fine-grained access control on individual users.
Revoke a client certificate
To reinstate a client certificate
You can reinstate a client certificate by removing the thumbprint from the list of revoked client certificates.
Point-to-Site FAQHow many VPN client endpoints can I have in my Point-to-Site configuration?
It depends on the gateway SKU. For more information on the number of connections supported, see Gateway SKUs.
What client operating systems can I use with Point-to-Site?
The following client operating systems are supported:
Note
Starting July 1, 2018, support is being removed for TLS 1.0 and 1.1 from Azure VPN Gateway. VPNGateway will support only TLS 1.2. To maintain support, see the updates to enable support for TLS1.2.
Additionally, the following legacy algorithms will also be deprecated for TLS on July 1, 2018:
How do I enable support for TLS 1.2 in Windows 7 and Windows 8.1?
Note
2k18 free play. You will have to set the above registry key if you are running an older version of Windows 10 (10240).
Can I traverse proxies and firewalls using Point-to-Site capability?
Azure supports three types of Point-to-site VPN options:
If I restart a client computer configured for Point-to-Site, will the VPN automatically reconnect?
By default, the client computer will not reestablish the VPN connection automatically.
Does Point-to-Site support auto-reconnect and DDNS on the VPN clients?
Auto-reconnect and DDNS are currently not supported in Point-to-Site VPNs.
Can I have Site-to-Site and Point-to-Site configurations coexist for the same virtual network?
Yes. For the Resource Manager deployment model, you must have a RouteBased VPN type for your gateway. For the classic deployment model, you need a dynamic gateway. We do not support Point-to-Site for static routing VPN gateways or PolicyBased VPN gateways.
Can I configure a Point-to-Site client to connect to multiple virtual networks at the same time?
No. A Point-to-Site client can only connect to resources in the VNet in which the virtual network gateway resides.
How much throughput can I expect through Site-to-Site or Point-to-Site connections?
It's difficult to maintain the exact throughput of the VPN tunnels. IPsec and SSTP are crypto-heavy VPN protocols. Throughput is also limited by the latency and bandwidth between your premises and the Internet. For a VPN Gateway with only IKEv2 Point-to-Site VPN connections, the total throughput that you can expect depends on the Gateway SKU. For more information on throughput, see Gateway SKUs.
Can I use any software VPN client for Point-to-Site that supports SSTP and/or IKEv2?
No. You can only use the native VPN client on Windows for SSTP, and the native VPN client on Mac for IKEv2. However, you can use the OpenVPN client on all platforms to connect over OpenVPN protocol. Refer to the list of supported client operating systems.
Does Azure support IKEv2 VPN with Windows?
IKEv2 is supported on Windows 10 and Server 2016. However, in order to use IKEv2, you must install updates and set a registry key value locally. OS versions prior to Windows 10 are not supported and can only use SSTP or OpenVPN® Protocol.
To prepare Windows 10 or Server 2016 for IKEv2:
What happens when I configure both SSTP and IKEv2 for P2S VPN connections?
When you configure both SSTP and IKEv2 in a mixed environment (consisting of Windows and Mac devices), the Windows VPN client will always try IKEv2 tunnel first, but will fall back to SSTP if the IKEv2 connection is not successful. MacOSX will only connect via IKEv2.
Other than Windows and Mac, which other platforms does Azure support for P2S VPN?
Azure supports Windows, Mac and Linux for P2S VPN.
I already have an Azure VPN Gateway deployed. Can I enable RADIUS and/or IKEv2 VPN on it?
Yes, you can enable these new features on already deployed gateways using Powershell or the Azure portal, provided that the gateway SKU that you are using supports RADIUS and/or IKEv2. For example, the VPN gateway Basic SKU does not support RADIUS or IKEv2.
Can I use my own internal PKI root CA to generate certificates for Point-to-Site connectivity?
Yes. Previously, only self-signed root certificates could be used. You can still upload 20 root certificates.
Can I use certificates from Azure Key Vault?
No.
What tools can I use to create certificates?How To Download The Vpn Certificate For Phone Vpn Free
You can use your Enterprise PKI solution (your internal PKI), Azure PowerShell, MakeCert, and OpenSSL.
How To Download The Vpn Certificate For Phone Vpn DownloadAre there instructions for certificate settings and parameters?
How To Download The Vpn Certificate For Phone Vpn SoftwareNext steps
Once your connection is complete, you can add virtual machines to your virtual networks. For more information, see Virtual Machines. To understand more about networking and virtual machines, see Azure and Linux VM network overview.
How To Download The Vpn Certificate For Phone Vpn Online
For P2S troubleshooting information, Troubleshooting: Azure point-to-site connection problems.
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